ARTICLE

What's the Difference Between Traditional and Computer Animation?

In truth it's easy to distinguish between the two: traditional animation uses methods that don't involve any kind of digital tools, while computer animation methods use computers. Another way of distinguishing the two is physical virtual; traditional animation uses physical materials and activities, while computer animation uses virtual materials in a digital space.

2D cel animation and stop-motion animation both fall under the category of traditional animation, even if both may use digital methods of filming in the end. What matters is the method of producing the animation itself; cel animation generally involves hand-drawing, hand-inking, and hand-painting each frame on physical paper and cels, while stop-motion involves working with physical models and objects captured on camera one frame at a time.

In many cases it's hard to classify an animation as one or the other, as many animators take a hybrid path in which some parts of an animation are produced using traditional styles, then completed or enhanced using digital methods.

TENSES

      

A.    PRESENT TENSE

1.    Simple Present Tense

Ø  Nominal Sentences :

(+) S + To be ( am, is, are)+ KB/KS/KK/KD
(-) S + To be+ not + KB/KS/KK/KD
(?) To be+ S + KB/KS/KK/KD

Example :

(+) They are teachers in my school.

(-) They aren’t teachers in my school

(?) Are they teachers in my school ?

Ø  Verbal Sentences :

(+) S + V 1 s/es + Object ( O)
(-) S + do not/ does not + V1 + O
(?) Do/Does + S + V1 + O

Example :

(+) He takes the bag.

(-) He doesn’t take the bag.

(?) Does he take the bag ?

2.    Present Continuous Tense.

Ø  Formula’s :

(+) S + To be ( is, am, are)+ V-ing+ O
(-) S + To be + not + V- ing + O
(?) To be + S + V-ing + O

Example :

(+) They are eating meatball now.

(-) They aren’t eating meatball now.

(?) Are they eating meatball now ?

3.   Present Perfect Tense.

Ø  Nominal  Sentences :

(+) S+has been/have been+c
(- ) S+has been/have been+not+c
(?) has/have+s+been+complement.

Example :

(+) She has been write a letter.

(-) She has been not write a letter.

(?) Has she been write a letter.

Ø  Verbal Sentences :

(+) S+has/have+V3+c
 ) S+has/have+not+V3+c
(? ) has/have+S+V3+c?

Example :

(+) I has bought a book.

(-) I hasn’t bought a book.

(?) Has I bought a book ?

4.   Present Perfect Continuous Tense.

Ø  Formula’s :

(+) S + have/has + been + V-ing + O
(-) S + have/has +not+ been+ V-ing+ O
(?) Have/Has + S + been + V-ing + O

Example :

(+) They have been swimming in the river.

(-) They haven’t been swimming in the river.

(?) Have they been swimming in the river ?

B. PAST TENSE

5.   Simple Past Tense.

Ø  Nominal Sentences :

(+) S+(was were) + complement

(-)  S+(was were)not+ complement

(?) (was were) +S+ Complement

Example :

(+) She was watching the swimming contest

(-)  She wasn’t watching the swimming contest.

(?) Was she watching the swimming contest ?

Ø  Verbal sentences :

(+)  S+ V2+O/Complement

(-) S+ did not+ V1+O+C

(?) Did +S +V1+O +C

Example :

(+)  I bought a new house yesterday.

(-) I didn’t buy a new house yesterday

(?) Did I buy a new house yesterday ?

6.         Past Continuous Tense.

Ø  Formula’s :

(+) S + To be ( was, were)+ v-ing+ O
(-) S + To be + not + V- ing + O
(?) To be + S + V-ing + O

Example :

(+)  They were running in the field.

(-) They weren’t  running in the field.

(?) Were they running in the field ?

7.        Past Perfect Tense

Ø  Nominal Sentences :

(+) S + had + been + KB/KS/KD
(-) S + had+ not + been + KB/KS
(?) Had+ S + been + KB/KS/KD

Example :

(+)  I had been hearing the bad news.

(-)  I hadn’t been hearing the bad news.

(?)  Had I been hearing the bad news ?

Ø  Verbal Sentences :

(+) S+had+V3+O
(- )S+had+not+V3+O
(?) Had+S+V3+O

Example :

(+)  She had  drunk a glass of milk.

(-)  She hadn’t drunk a glass of milk.

(?) Had she drunk a glass of milk ?

8.        Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Ø  Formula’s :

(+) S + had+ been + V-ing + O
(-) S + had +not+ been+ V-ing+ O
(?) Had + S + been + V-ing + O

Example :

(+)  He had been going to Surabaya.

(-)  He hadn’t been going to Surabaya.

(?)  Had he been going to Surabaya ?

C.     FUTURE TENSE

9.    Simple Future Tense

Ø Nominal Sentences :

(+) S+ be + going to+ V1+o

(-) S+ be+ not+ going to+ V1+o

(?) Be+ S+ going to+ V1+

Example :

(+)  They are going to play football.

(-)  They aren’t going to play football.

(?)  Are they going to play football ?

Ø  Verbal Sentences :

(+) S+Will+V1+o

(-) S+Will+not+V1+o

(?) Will+S+V1+o

Example :

(+)  She will meet me tomorrow.

(-)  She will’ not meet me tomorrow

(?)  Will she meet me tomorrow ?

10.       Future Continuous Tense

Ø  Formula’s :

(+) S + will + be + v-ing+ O
(-) S + will not +be + V- ing + O
(?) Will + S+ be + V-ing + O

Example :

(+)  He will be teaching in my house tomorrow.

(-)  He will not be teaching in my house tomorrow

(?)  Will he be teaching in my house tomorrow ?

11.       Future Perfect Tense

Ø  Nominal Sentences :

(+) S +will+ have + been + KB/KS/KD
(-) S + will +not +have + been + KB/KS
(?)Will +S +have + been + KB/KS/KD

Example :

(+)  We will have  been lunch together in my house.

(-)   We will not have been lunch together in my house

(?)  Will we have been lunch together in my house ?

Ø  Verbal Sentences :

(+) S +will+ have + V3 + O
(-) S +will + not+ have + V3 +O
(?) Will + S +Have + V3 + O

Example :

(+) She will have talked with us.

(-)  She will not have talked with us

(?) Will she have talked with us ?

12.     Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Ø  Formula’s :

(+) S + will + have + been + V-ing + O
(-) S + will + not +have+ been+ V-ing+ O
(?) Will + S+ have + been + V-ing + O

Example :

(+)  He will have been calling me

(-) He will not have been calling me

(?)  Will he have been calling me ?

D.    PAST FUTURE TENSE

13.      Simple Past Future Tense

Ø Nominal Sentences :

(+) S + would/should + be + KB/KS/KK/KD
(-) S + would/should+ not+ be+ KB/KS/KK/KD
(?) Would /should+ S + be+ KB/KS/KK/KD

Example :

(+)  We should be begin to study hard.

(-)  We shouldn’t be begin to study hard
(?)  Should  we be begin to study hard ?

Ø Verbal Sentences :

(+) S + would/should +V 1+ O
(-) S + would/should +not + V1 + O
(?)Would/should + S + V1 + O

Example :

(+)  They would  start the running contest

(-)  They wouldn’t start the running contest

(?)  Would they start the running contest ?

14.                  Past Future Continuous Tense

Ø Formula’s :

(+) S + Would + Be + V-Ing+ O
(-) S + Would Not +Be + V- Ing + O
(?) Would + S+ Be + V-Ing + O

Example :

(+)  It would be catching by me

(-)  It wouldn’t be catching by me

(?)  Would it be catching by me ?

15.        Past Future Perfect Tense

Ø  Nominal Sentences :

(+) S + Would + Have + Been +KB/KS/KD
(-) S + Would +not +Have + Been KB/KS
(?)Would +S +Have + Been + KB/KS/KD

Example :

(+)  I would have been an experiment next Monday

(-)  I wouldn’t have been an experiment next Monday

(?)  Would I have been an experiment next Monday ?

Ø  Verbal  Sentences :

(+) S + Would + Have + V3 + O
(-) S + Would + Not+ Have + V3 +O
(?) Would + S +Have + V3 + O

Example :

(+)  She would have drawn someone people

(-)  She wouldn’t have drawn someone people

(?)  Would she have drawn someone people ?

16.         Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Ø  Formula’s :

(+) S + Would + Have + Been + V-Ing + O
(-) S +Would + Not +Have+ Been+ V-Ing+ O
(?) Would + S+ Have + Been + V-Ing + O

Example :

(+)  We would have been talking with them

(-)  We wouldn’t have been talking with them

(?)  Would we have been talking with them ?